再帰代名詞の使い方

*John has passion in himself.

【和訳】

ジョンは、内に情熱を秘めている。

John has passion in him.

【要点】

同一節内に先行詞がある再帰代名詞は、その指示対象が動詞（句）の動作や状態の直接目標でなければならない。Lakoff, G. (1968b), Spangler (1970), Jackendoff (1972), etc.

【類例】

1) John hid the book behind him. [him = John, himself = John] / John pulled the blanket over him. [him = John, himself = John] / John strung the thick rope around him. [him = John, himself = John]

2) John saw the snake next to him. [him = John, *himself = John] / John has a lot of friends around him. [him = John, *himself = John] / John heard very strange noises behind him. [him = John, *himself = John]

【出典】

安井稔（編）（1987）例解　現代英文法辞典　大修館書店　pp. 59-60.

* John has no confidence in him.

【和訳】

ジョンは、自分に自信がない。

John has no confidence in himself.

【要点】

同一節内にある二つの名詞句が同一指示である場合、右側の同一指示の名詞句は再帰代名詞でなければならない。Lakoff, G. (1968b), Spangler (1970), Helke (1971, 1973), etc.

【類例】

1) Mary admired herself. [herself = Mary, *her = Mary] / John cut himself. [himself = John, *him = John] / John told Mary that Tom admired himself. [himself = Tom, *him = Tom] / John lost confidence in him. [*him = John, himself = John] / I challenged John to prove himself [himself = John, *him = John] innocent. / I challenged John to prove myself [*me] innocent. / John talked to Mary about himself. [himself = John, *him = John] / John talked to Mary about herself. [herself = Mary, *her = Mary]

【出典】

安井稔（編）（1987）例解　現代英文法辞典　大修館書店　pp. 60-61.